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The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (colloquially MD Anderson Cancer Center) is one of the original three comprehensive cancer centers in the United States established by the National Cancer Act of 1971.〔 It is both a degree-granting academic institution and a cancer treatment and research center located at the Texas Medical Center in Houston, Texas, United States. It is one of the few hospitals in the United States affiliated with two major research based medical schools: The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, which is a part of the larger University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, and Baylor College of Medicine. For 2015, MD Anderson Cancer Center was ranked #1 for cancer care in the "Best Hospitals" survey published in ''U.S. News & World Report''. MD Anderson is widely regarded as among the best cancer hospitals in the United States. MD Anderson was created by an act of the Texas Legislature in 1941, making it a part of The University of Texas System. Today it is one of 68 Comprehensive Cancer Centers designated by the National Cancer Institute. The cancer center provided care for about 115,000 patients in Fiscal Year 2012 and employs more than 19,000 people. It has an endowment of $486 million as of November 30, 2014.〔http://www.utimco.org/scripts/PrivateEndowInfo/complist.asp〕 ==History== The cancer center is named after Monroe Dunaway Anderson, a banker and cotton trader from Jackson, Tennessee. He was a member of a business partnership with his brother-in-law Will Clayton. Their company became the largest cotton company in the world. Anderson feared that in the event of one of the partners' deaths, the company would lose a large amount of money to estate tax and be forced to dissolve. To avoid this, Anderson created the MD Anderson Foundation with an initial sum of $300,000. In 1939 after Anderson's death, the foundation received $19 million. In 1941 the Texas Legislature had appropriated $500,000 to build a cancer hospital and research center. The Anderson Foundation agreed to match funds with the state if the hospital were located in Houston in the Texas Medical Center (another project of the Anderson Foundation) and named after Anderson. Using surplus World War II Army barracks, the hospital operated for 10 years from a converted residence and 46 beds leased in a Houston hospital before moving to its current location in 1954.〔 The institution became the subject of controversy in 2005, when it leased the use of its name to private investors who intended to promote a particular therapeutic approach, proton therapy. An article in the ''Houston Chronicle'' suggested that the arrangement between the Center and the investors might skew incentives, providing M.D. Anderson with non-medical reasons to "send as many patients as possible into the program."〔Feldstein, Dan. "(M.D. Anderson private venture raises questions Proton-therapy benefits at center won't merit costs of care, some say )." ''Houston Chronicle''. Retrieved on January 20, 2011.〕 In 2011 the Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Foundation gave $150 million to MD Anderson.〔Ackerman, Todd. "(M.D. Anderson receives $150 million gift )." ''Houston Chronicle''. January 18, 2011. Retrieved on January 20, 2011.〕 The new Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy is an international center of clinical excellence focusing on using the latest advances in genetic information to develop safe, more effective treatments for patients on a case-by-case basis. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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